Helicobacter pylori

Helicobacter pylori is a gram negative bacterium with eyelashes (which give the motion in a liquid) that evolution was better adapted  habitat acid stomach, because, unlike all the other bacteria, live well at a pH ranging between 1 and 2.

This resistance to an acid pH so the production is given by of enzima urease, which creates a fly around the microenvironment compatible with its existence.

Most of the people is the bearer, but a good balance between power pathogenic microorganism and the immune system of the person normally provides adequate protection, for this reason, subjects with a marked immune deficiency are particularly susceptible to this agent.

The pathogenicity of Helicobacter pylori is derived from the ability to reduce gastric acidity. By contrast, there is a greater production of acid, which causes gastritis and peptic ulcers.

Infections may be symptomatic or asymptomatic (without any perceptible effect of the disease). It is believed that infection can be asymptomatic even in 70% of cases and that 2 / 3 of the population worldwide is infected by the bacterium, making the infection by H. pylori, the most widespread in the world. The true incidence varies from country to country (the West has an incidence of 25%, while it is much higher in the Third World). In the Third World, is very common infection that affected children, possibly because of poor health conditions. In the United States, the infection affects mainly the elderly (about 60% of over 60, while only 20% of individuals below the age of 40 affected) and the poorest.
The difference in incidence rates is due largely to higher sanitary standards and the more widespread use of antibiotics in the West.

The bacterium has been isolated from feces, saliva and from dental plaque in patients infected die, and this suggests the way gastro-oral or faecal-oral is probably a transmission channel.

It is believed that in the absence of treatment, the infection by H. pylori, once established in its gastric niche, may persist throughout life.
However, in the elderly is possible that the infection will disappear when the stomach mucosa becomes atrophic, and thus inhospitable for colonization. Do not know the percentage of acute infections that persist, but have been conducted many studies that have followed the story until the apparent natural and spontaneous elimination.

Infection with H. pylori may lead or be linked to:
Peptic ulcer: an ulcer of the gastrointestinal tract usually acidic and thus extremely painful. Most peptic ulcers are growing in the duodenum (the first part of the small intestine), rather than in the stomach.
Gastritis: Inflammation of the gastric mucosa, which may be acute or chronic
Gastric cancer and gastric lymphoma: associated with H. pylori that has been categorized in Group I of carcinogens by the Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). Although the association is clear, however, is not entirely clear causal relationship involved. One of the mechanisms involved is the strengthening of the production of free radicals and increased the percentage of mutation of host cells in the vicinity of the bacterium. Another mechanism is the enhancement of transformation phenotype of the host cell by altering the cellular proteins.
Acid reflux and esophageal cancer: as the incidence of infection by H. pylori has decreased in developing nations, there was an increase in noise from gastric reflux and oesophageal cancer. In 1996, Martin J. Blaser has suggested that the H. pylori could have a beneficial effect: by adjusting the acidity of the contents of the stomach, lower the impact of gastric reflux nell'esofago. Although much evidence has been obtained in favor, the theory is not yet fully accepted.

In cases of peptic ulcers in patients in which it was identified the infection, the normal procedure is the eradication of the bacterium in order to allow the ulcer healing.
Normally, for this purpose are given drugs based on amoxicillin, clarithromycin and omeprazole.
Alongside the traditional treatment, may be engaged in food supplements or other natural substances such as:
Probiotics
Broccoli
Green Tea Extract
Herbs: tamamuri, carqueja, pau d'arco, cashew, bitter melon (fruit), balsam, copaiba, guacatonga

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